Bladder Cancer and Robotic Surgery

Located in the lower abdomen, the bladder is a muscular organ that is hollow and stores urine. A common kind of cancer, bladder cancer begins in the bladder cells, which line the bladder. Depending on the type and the stage of cancer, the symptoms and the general medical health, your doctor would plan your treatment.

Robotic Surgery for Bladder Cancer - What it means?

Robotic surgery is a minimally invasive surgery that is robot-assisted and is used for treating muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The surgery involves removing the entire bladder and the regional lymph nodes.

Why is Robotic Surgery Performed?

Robotic surgery is mostly performed for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, which is an advanced stage of cancer. The cancer cells in this stage start to grow and spread betting the lining of the bladder and stretch till the muscle layer. If left untreated it can be a potential risk as the cancer can soon spread to the other parts of the body such as lungs, liver, bones etc.

How is Robotic Surgery Performed?

During a Robotic Surgery, the doctor would make a few tiny incisions in the abdomen. A few small instruments, including a camera, would be inserted through these openings to reach the bladder. The surgeon, with the help of robotic arms, would disconnect the bladder and remove it.

Robotic Surgery for bladder cancer is a newer and much more effective surgical process that relies on minimal invasion and is nerve-sparing. It is considered to be one of the most innovative and efficacious treatments for bladder cancer. Till a few years ago, all cystectomies were done through an open surgery that only took a long recovery period, but also caused notable nerve and tissue damage along with blood loss. With robotic surgery, the surgeon is able to perform a more effective surgery that has a much less problematic post-surgery recovery.

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Prostate Cancer and Movember

The annual event, “Movember” is an amalgamation of the words moustache and November. This event is held in the month of November every year to give importance to men’s health. During Movember, brave and selfless men around the world grow a moustache, and women step up to support them in order to raise awareness and funds for men's health, specifically prostate cancer. The funds raised for this event  are used for innovative research and support programs that enable men to live healthier and longer lives. Thus, Movember aims to:

•     Increase early cancer detection
•     Facilitate quick diagnosis and effective treatments
•     Reduce the number of preventable deaths in men

One of the most undetected reasons for early death of men is Prostate Cancer. This occurs when some of the cells in the prostate gland reproduce far more rapidly than normal. If the primary tumor is left untreated, it may spread from the prostate and invade other parts of the body. It is possible to treat prostate cancer if diagnosed early because it is a slow growing tumor. Active surveillance, surgery, radiotherapy, hormone therapy and chemotherapy are the major treatment options which are proved effective for prostate cancer. Look out for the following symptoms in order to detect prostate cancer early:

•     Frequent urination
•     Difficulty starting urination
•     Weak or interrupted flow of urine
•     Burning sensation while urinating
•     Erectile dysfunction
•     Painful ejaculation
•     Blood in urine or semen
•     Pain and stiffness in the lower back and thigh area

The annual Movember campaign sets a reminder by delivering information for men to take charge of their health, make informed treatment decisions and empower them to take action to lead a healthier life. This can ultimately lead to a time where no man dies of prostate cancer.

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Treatment for Undescended Testis in Mumbai

The undescended testicle or cryptorchidism is a common childhood condition in which boy’s testicle is not in its usual place in the scrotum. Testicular descent is usually completed in the 9th month of pregnancy and any disruption with levels or timelines of the hormones which control this decent will lead to Undescended testis. This condition is more common among baby boys born prematurely.

Most often the undescended testicle moves into its proper position on its own, within the first few months of life. However if the testicles haven’t descended by 6months, they are unlikely to do so and hence treatment will usually be recommended.

Treatment before the age of one is recommended as this might lower the risk of complications of an undescended testicle, such as infertility and testicular cancer.

Surgical procedure called orchidopexy is the most effective and preferred treatment of choice. Depending on the position of testicle orchidopexy can be performed by small cut in groin or a keyhole surgery(laparoscopy). Laparoscopy is performed when testicle cannot be palpated and thought to be higher in the tummy (abdomen). 

The next option is hormonal therapy using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) injection. This is not usually recommended because it is much less effective than surgery.

Getting the surgery done for your little one should be chosen wisely. Dr. Pradeep Rao is a renowned Urologist specialising in Endourology and Laparoscopic Urology working in Mumbai with extensive experience in treating children with urological conditions especially Undescended testis.

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Know more about penile cancer treatment

Penile cancer is a cancer of the penis. Cancer can develop anywhere on the penis but most commonly develops under the foreskin or on the head or tip of the penis. Symptoms of penile cancer include growth or ulcer on the head of penis or foreskin or shaft, thickening or raised areas, bleeding, pain, lump underneath the foreskin.
This a relatively rare form of cancer, and one if found early can be treated quickly.

The most widely used treatment options include Surgery, Radiation Therapy, Chemotherapy, and Chemoradiotherapy.

Most effective treatment varies from patient to patient and depends on various factors like the site of cancer, stage of cancer; possible side effects and also the health of the patient and level of fitness.

1.  Surgery: This is the physical removal of the tumor and some of the surrounding tissue. This can include laser therapy, cryosurgery, circumcision, Mohs surgery, and Lymph node removal.
2.  Radiation Therapy: This is where high energy waves are used to kill cancer cells. This can be in the form of external radiation or internal one using implants. One needs to have a Circumcision(removal of the foreskin) before having radiotherapy.   
3. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses anti-cancer drugs to destroy cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be topical (in the form of creams for local application) or systemic(in the form of injections). Chemotherapy is sometimes given before or after surgery. Or it can be used if cancer has spread to the other parts of the body.
4.  Chemoradiation: one may need chemotherapy at the same time as radiotherapy to make it work better. This is called chemoradiation.

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Importance Of Early Screening For Prostate Cancer

“Take a step today for a better future”

Your health is the most precious possession you have. It is your responsibility to look after it and get it protected. And the only way to do it is by having a healthy lifestyle and visiting the doctor’s clinic frequently.

Prostate cancer is a kind of cancer that can be cured if screening tests are conducted at the right time. Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in males. Men who are above 50 or have a family history of prostate cancer are more prone to this disease. Now, this particular cancer does not show up visible symptoms at an early stage. So it is recommended to go for a PSA (Prostate-specific antigen) test from the very beginning to detect the probability of prostate cancer.

When is the right time to go for a PSA test?

About 1 out of 6 men in India are prone to have Prostate cancer at some point in their entire life. Men above the age of 50 are highly recommended to go for a PSA screening test every year to check the level of PSA in the blood. Whereas men who have a family history of Prostate cancer need to go for screening after the age of 40 since they have higher chances of getting this disease.

What is the normal PSA range?

Well frankly speaking there is no specific normal or abnormal PSA level in blood. The laboratory results show you a level which might not be actually normal. So it's better to consult a urologist after each screening test. To get a more accurate result, you can go for free PSA along with normal PSA rate. If the free PSA rate is below 15% then you need to consult a urologist.

Speaking about a renowned urologist, Dr. Pradeep P. Rao is a highly qualified and experienced surgeon who is well known for his Prostate cancer treatment. He prefers robotic and laparoscopic surgery over open surgery to provide a sustainable result to his patients. It should be noted that Prostate cancer can be only cured completely if it is detected in the early stage, so be smart and get yourself checked at the earliest. 

To book an appointment, call at  +91 9820336193

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Treat your Renal failure with a Kidney transplant

Kidney failure, otherwise called End-stage-renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic renal disease. When the function falls below 15% the kidney fails to work and one cannot survive without dialysis or renal transplantation.

 

Causes of renal failure

The leading causes of chronic kidney failure are Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension. 1 in 3 Diabetics and 1 in 5 hypertensive patients have chronic kidney disease. Other causes include overwhelming infection, nephrotoxic drugs, polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, heavy metal poisoning, etc. Some patients may be suffering from an underlying reversible process, which, if identified and corrected in time may result in the improvement of renal function. These include decreased kidney blood supply ( bleeding, vomiting, diarrhoea, burns, infection, myocardial infarction, etc), nephrotoxic drugs (analgesics, certain antibiotics) and urinary tract obstruction.

Acute kidney failure symptoms (when the kidney suddenly stops working)

Bleeding, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, back pain, fever, etc.

Chronic kidney disease produces symptoms at the last stage, i.e. when the kidney is permanently damaged

Edema (Swelling in the lower limbs), decreased urine output, nausea & vomiting, loss of appetite, muscle cramps, insomnia, itching, shortness of breath, etc.

Kidney transplantation

A renal transplant is an alternative for a lifetime of dialysis. It helps the patient to feel better and live longer. Kidney transplantation is associated with many benefits such as lower treatment cost, lower risk of death, minimal dietary restriction, and better quality of life compared to dialysis.

Before the renal failure transplantation, kidney matching is done with the help of some tests such as tissue typing, blood typing, crossmatch. The patient is thoroughly screened before the surgery.

Kidney transplant procedure is performed under general anesthesia. Throughout the surgery, the patient’s blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen level is monitored. The donor surgery is done laparoscopically to give the utmost benefit to the donor. The recovery is fast and the donor goes home in a few days.

An incision is made on the lower abdomen and the new kidney is placed in the recepient. The new kidney’s arteries and veins are attached to the blood vessels of the lower part of the abdomen. The new kidney’s ureter is connected to the bladder. Once blood flow starts to the new kidney  it starts functioning.  Dr. Pradeep P Rao is a senior urology specialist in Mumbai providing excellent treatment for all urological issues with advanced technologies. His team is the only one in Mumbai to provide an option of minimally invasive robotic kidney transplantation for the recipient.

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Solution For All Pediatric Urology Conditions

Pediatric urology is a division that deals with the surgical subspecialty of medicine to treat the problems of genitourinary tract in children. This may involve the problems in their urination, reproductive organ, and testes.

Pediatric urology can provide equal care to both boys and girls up to their early adult age. The most common type of disorders treated includes;

• Undescended testis (Laparoscopic Orchidopexy)

Undescended testis is the commonest genital malformation in boys. Although the mechanism that regulates prenatal testicular descent is still partly obscure, there is persuasive evidence that endocrine, genetic, and environmental factors are involved. A non-palpable testis located in the abdomen, Absent or atrophic testis are the main symptoms

• UPJ Obstruction (Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty)

UPJ obstruction is the condition attained when there is a blockage in the area that connects the renal pelvis to the ureter which moves urine to the bladder. Some of these cases are solved without any surgical approach but others require the performance of surgery.

Symptoms of UPJ Obstruction are Abdominal mass, Urinary tract infection with fever and flank pain especially with increased consumption of fluid, stones and blood in urine, Pain without an infection, Urine may drain in a normal manner at one time and may get completely obstructed which causes sporadic pain.

• Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV)

PUV (Posterior Urethral Valves) is an abnormality affecting urethra occurring when there are some splittings in it causing the outflow of urine. This may cause a reverse flow of urine which can damage the urinary tract, urethra, urinary bladder, and kidney. Endoscopic valve ablation is the treatment offered to the disorder.

An enlarged bladder that could be detected through the abdomen as a huge mass, Urinary tract infection, Pain or difficulty while urinating, Weak stream of urine, Frequency in Urinating, Bedwetting, Poor weight gain etc are the main symptoms.

• Torsion testis

Torsion testis is a painful condition when the cord carrying the blood to the testis gets twisted. This twisting affects the blood flow and testicle tissue die off. This disorder normally affects only one of the testis, but if affected to both, this is termed as Bilateral Torsion.

Severe or sudden pain in the scrotum, Inflammation of the scrotum, Pain in the abdomen, Nausea, and vomiting, A testicle that is positioned higher than usual are the main symptoms.

Dr. Pradeep P Rao, well known as the top urologist doctor Dombivli, Mumbai provides urology treatments with well advanced technologies. He provides all kinds of pediatric urology treatments in Mumbai at affordable cost.

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